Monograptidae Temporal range:
Fossil of Monograptus flemingi
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Hemichordata
Class:	Graptolithina
Order:	Graptoloidea
Family:	Monograptidae Lapworth, 1873

Monograptidae is an extinct family of graptolites of the order Graptoloidea.^[1] Monograptids have only one row of thecae per stipe (stem, branch), unlike the biserial graptolites which have two opposing rows of thecae per stipe.^[2]

Fossil record

Fossils of Monograptidae are found from the Ordovician to the Devonian (age range: from 460.9 to 402.5 million years ago). They are especially important during the early Silurian.^[2] They are known from various localities in Europe, North America, Argentina, China, Central Asia, Southeast Asia, Australia, Algeria and Morocco.^[1]

Genera

Maletz (2014) identifies 98 genera of Monograptidae. The family can possibly be divided into several subfamilies.^[3]

• †Abiesgraptus Hundt, 1935
• †Acanthograptus Tsegelniuk, 1976
• †Alexandrograptus Přibyl, 1981
• †Atavograptus Rickards, 1974
• †Averianowograptus Obut, 1949
• †Awarograptus Zalasiewicz & Howe, 2003
• †Barrandeograptus Bouček, 1933
• †Bohemograptus Přibyl, 1967a
• †Bugograptus Tsegelniuk, 1976
• †Campograptus Obut, 1949
• †Cochlograptus Obut, 1987
• †Colonograptus Přibyl, 1942
• †Coronograptus Obut & Sobolevskaya, 1968 in Obut et al. (1968)
• †Corymbites Obut & Sobolevskaya, 1967 in Obut et al. (1967)
• †Crinitograptus Rickards, 1995
• †Cucullograptus Urbanek, 1954
• †Cultellograptus Loydell & Nestor, 2006
• †Cyrtograpsus Carruthers, 1867 in Murchison (1867)
• †Damosiograptus Obut, 1950
• †Demirastrites Eisel, 1912
• †Dibranchiograptus Hundt, 1949
• †Didymograptoides Hundt, 1951
• †Diversograptus Manck, 1923
• †Dulebograptus Tsegelniuk, 1976
• †Egregiograptus Rickards & Wright, 1997
• †Enigmagraptus Rickards & Wright, 2004
• †Euroclimacis Štorch, 1998a
• †Falcatograptus Hundt, 1965
• †Formosograptus Bouček et al., 1976
• †Fterograptus Tsegelniuk, 1976
• †Gangliograptus Hundt, 1939
• †Globosograptus Bouček & Přibyl, 1948 in Přibyl (1948a)
• †Heisograptus Tsegelniuk, 1976
• †Hemimonograptus Zhao 1984
• †Hubeigraptus Li, 1995
• †Huttagraptus Koren’ & Bjerreskov, 1997
• †Istrograptus Tsegelniuk, 1976
• †Korenea Rickards et al., 1995
• †Kurganakograptus Golikov, 1969
• †Lagarograptus Obut & Sobolevskaya, 1968 in Obut et al. (1968)
• †Lapworthograptus Bouček & Přibyl, 1952
• †Lenzia Rickards & Wright, 1999
• †Linograptus Frech, 1897
• †Lituigraptus Ni, 1978
• †Lobograptus Urbanek, 1958
• †Lomatoceras Bronn, 1835
• †Mediograptus Bouček & Přibyl, 1948 in Přibyl (1948a)
• †Metamonograptus Wang, 1977
• †Monoclimacis Frech, 1897
• †Monograpsus Geinitz, 1852
• †Monoprion Barrande, 1850
• †Mystiograptus Hundt, 1965
• †Neocolonograptus Urbanek, 1997
• †Neocucullograptus Urbanek, 1970
• †Neodiversograptus Urbanek, 1963
• †Neolagarograptus Štorch, 1998b
• †Neolobograptus Urbanek, 1970
• †Neomonograptus Mu & Ni, 1973
• †Obutograptus Mu, 1955
• †Oktavites Levina, 1928
• †Paradiversograptus Sennikov, 1976
• †Paragraptus Hundt, 1965
• †Paramonoclimacis Wang & Ma, 1977 in Wang & Jin (1977)
• †Pernerograptus Přibyl, 1941
• †Polonograptus Tsegelniuk, 1976
• †Pomatograptus Jaekel, 1889
• †Přibylograptus Obut & Sobolevskaya, 1966
• †Pristiograptus Jaekel, 1889
• †Prochnygraptus Přibyl & Štorch, 1985
• †Procyrtograptus Poulsen, 1943
• †Prolinograptus Rickards & Wright, 1997
• †Proteograptus Lenz et al., 2012
• †Pseudomonoclimacis Mikhailova, 1975
• †Pseudostreptograptus Loydell, 1991a
• †Quasipernerograptus Zhao, 1984
• †Rastrites Barrande, 1850
• †Rastrograptus Hopkinson & Lapworth, 1875
• †Saetograptus Přibyl, 1942
• †Sinodiversograptus Mu & Chen, 1962
• †Skalograptus Tsegelniuk, 1976
• †Slovinograptus Urbanek, 1997
• †Spirograptus Gürich, 1908
• †Stavrites Obut & Sobolevskaya, 1968 in Obut et al. (1968)
• †Stimulograptus Přibyl & Štorch, 1983
• †Streptograptus Yin, 1937
• †Tamplograptus Tsegelniuk, 1976
• †Testograptus Přibyl, 1967b
• †Thuringiograptus Hundt, 1935
• †Tirassograptus Tsegelniuk, 1976
• †Torquigraptus Loydell, 1993
• †Trimorphograptus Zhao, 1984
• †Tyrsograptus Obut, 1949
• †Uncinatograptus Tsegelniuk, 1976
• †Uralograptus Koren’, 1962
• †Urbanekia Rickards & Wright, 1999
• ? †Vietnamograptus van Phuc, 1998
• †Wandograptus Rickards & Jell, 2002
• †Wolynograptus Tsegelniuk, 1976

References