| Shuangfeng dialect | |
|---|---|
| 雙峰話 | |
| Native to | China |
| Region | Shuangfeng, Hunan province |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
hsn-luo | |
| Glottolog | shua1258 |
The Shuangfeng dialect (simplified Chinese: 双峰话; traditional Chinese: 雙峰話; pinyin: Shuāngfēnghuà) is a dialect of Xiang Chinese, spoken in Shuangfeng County, Hunan province, China.
Phonology
Consonants
| bilabial | alveolar | alveolo-palatal | retroflex | velar | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | ||
| plosives | voiced | b | d | ɡ | ||
| voiceless unaspirated | p | t | k | |||
| voiceless aspirated | pʰ | tʰ | kʰ | |||
| fricatives | voiced | ɣ | ||||
| voiceless | s | ɕ | ʂ | x | ||
| affricates | voiced | dz | dʑ | dʐ | ||
| voiceless unaspirated | ts | tɕ | tʂ | |||
| voiceless aspirated | tsʰ | tɕʰ | tʂʰ | |||
| lateral approximants | l | |||||
Vowels
| Oral | Nasal | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Medial | ∅ | coda | a | e | i | u | n | ŋ | ∅ | i | |
| Nucleus | ∅ | əu | ɒŋ | æ̃ | |||||||
| Vowel | i | ia | ie | iɛn | iɒŋ | ĩ | iĩ | ||||
| y | ya | ye | yɛn | ||||||||
| a | an | ||||||||||
| e | |||||||||||
| o | io | ||||||||||
| ɤ | iɤ | ||||||||||
| ʊ | iʊ | ||||||||||
| u | ua | ue | ui | uan | uĩ | ||||||
| Syllabic | ɹ̩ | n̩ | m̩ | ||||||||
| ɻ̩ | |||||||||||
Tones
Phonemically, Shuangfeng dialect has three tones. Phonetically, however, the pitch of a syllable depends on the voicing of the initial consonant so the tones are counted as five:
| Tone number | Tone name | Tone contour | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | yin ping (陰平) | ˥ (55) | high |
| 2 | yang ping (陽平) | ˨˧ (23) | low rising |
| 3 | shang sheng (上聲) | ˨˩ (21) | low |
| 4 | yin qu (陰去) | ˧˥ (35) | high rising |
| 5 | yang qu (陽去) | ˧ (33) | mid |
See also
References
- Běijīng dàxué zhōngguó yǔyán wénxué xì yǔyán xué jiàoyánshì. (1989) Hànyǔ fāngyīn zìhuì. Běijīng: Wénzì gǎigé chūbǎn shè.(北京大學中國語言文學系語言學教研室. 1989. 漢語方音字匯. 北京: 文字改革出版社)
- Coblin, W. South. (2011). Comparative Phonology of the Central Xiāng Dialects. Taipei: Institute of Linguistics, Academia Sinica.
- Norman, Jerry. [1988] (2002). Chinese. Cambridge, England: CUP ISBN 0-521-29653-6
- Wu, Yunji. (2005). A Synchronic and diachronic study of the grammar of the Chinese Xiang dialects. Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter. ISBN 3-11-018366-8
- Yuán, jiāhuá (1989). Hànyǔ fāngyán gàiyào (An introduction to Chinese dialects). Beijing, China: Wénzì gǎigé chūbǎn shè. (袁家驊. 1989. 漢語方言概要. 北京:文字改革出版社.)
External links
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| East and Southeast Asia |
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| Dubious (possible isolates) (Arunachal) |
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Italics indicates single languages that are also considered to be separate branches. | |||||
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